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Volume 30 (2)
Volume 30, Issue 2, Spring 2010
J Contin Educ Health Prof 2010; 30(2)
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Infrastructure for Large-Scale Quality-Improvement Projects: Early Lessons From North Carolina Improving Performance in Practice
Warren P. Newton, Ann Lefebvre, Katrina E. Donahue, Thomas Bacon, Allen Dobson
A b s t r a c t
Introduction: Little is known regarding how to accomplish large-scale health care improvement. Our goal is to
improve the quality of chronic disease care in all primary care practices throughout North Carolina.
Methods: Methods for improvement include (1) common quality measures and shared data system; (2) rapid cycle
improvement principles; (3) quality-improvement consultants (QICs), or practice facilitators; (4) learning networks;
and (5) alignment of incentives. We emphasized a community-based strategy and developing a statewide infrastructure.
Results are reported from the first 2 years of the North Carolina Improving Performance in Practice (IPIP)
project.
Results: A coalition was formed to include professional societies, North Carolina AHEC, Community Care of North
Carolina, insurers, and other organizations. Wave One started with 18 practices in 2 of 9 regions of the state.
Quality-improvement consultants recruited practices. Over 80 percent of practices attended all quarterly regional
meetings. In 9 months, almost all diabetes measures improved, and a bundled asthma measure improved from 33
to 58 percent. Overall, the magnitude of improvement was clinically and statistically significant (P = .001). Quality
improvements were maintained on review 1 year later. Wave Two has spread to 103 practices in all 9 regions of
the state, with 42 additional practices beginning the enrollment process.
Discussion: Large-scale health care quality improvement is feasible, when broadly supported by statewide leadership
and community infrastructure. Practice-collected data and lack of a control group are limitations of the study
design. Future priorities include maintaining improved sustainability for practices and communities. Our long-term
goal is to transform all 2000 primary-care practices in our state.
Lessons for Practice
- Curriculum can evolve from working with
practices to achieve necessary system drivers
into telling practices to complete a series
of activities to improve quality.
- Quality-improvement consultants experienced
in hospital quality-improvement campaigns
may be readily available.
- Regional meetings should be held within
driving distance and after hours so that practices
need not close in order to attend.
- For this project, the greatest single obstacle
to sustainable quality improvement may
be the challenges and costs of acquiring
data from EHR systems.
- Incentives may prove to be critical, but in
this early phase, we have been able to get
significant, positive movement with modest
use of incentives. Many practices did not
avail themselves of PI CME credit, and
many were not aware of MOC Part IV.
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