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Volume 22 (1)

Volume 22, Issue 1, Winter 2002 line
J Contin Educ Health Prof 2002; 22(1):23-32
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Improving Blood Pressure Control in Diabetes: Limitations of a Clinical Reminder in Influencing Physician Behavior
Karen M. Sanders, MD
Anuradha Satyvavolu, MD, MPH

A b s t r a c t

Introduction: Hypertension should be aggressively treated, especially in diabetic patients. But studies of physician prescribing habits reveal that physicians often delay making medication changes or initiating antihypertensive therapy. A chart-based reminder was designed to improve physician medication prescribing in this clinical situation.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Richmond, Virginia. Patients with diabetes and hypertension were selected. A highly visible chart reminder was applied to the front of outpatient charts in the intervention group practice. A chart review was conducted to assess physician-directed medication changes. A successful outcome was defined as any antihypertensive medication increase or addition at that same visit.
Results: Physicians were more likely to intensify antihypertensive medication as the blood pressure increased regardless of the reminder. Overall, only 33% of visits resulted in a medication change, even though 93% of patients had elevations over target blood pressure at the follow-up visit. Physicians in the intervention and control groups made changes to medication at similar rates (x2 = 0.621, p = .511).
Discussion: In this study, a chart reminder failed to improve physician compliance with the clinical guideline for hypertension management in diabetics, Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on the Detection, Evaluation, Prevention and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. To inform the design of effective intervention strategies, further research should explore specific barriers to guideline adherence in this clinical situation.

Lessons for Practice
  • Poor control of hypertension in diabetes is a major health issue and an important target for educational interventions.
  • Hypertension management, like management of other chronic diseases, is a complex task, and chart reminders may fail to improve physician compliance with clinical guidelines.
  • Identification of barriers to guideline adherence in hypertension management is the first step in the design of successful interventions.
MeSH Terms: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Comparative Study; Diabetes Mellitus; Drug Utilization; Evidence-Based Medicine; Guideline Adherence; Hospitals, Veterans; Hypertension; Medical Records; Physician's Practice Patterns; Reminder Systems
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